Plastic, Cosmetic & Cancer Reconstructive Surgery

Adult post-traumatic Brachial plexus injury is unfortunately a rather common injury in young adults. In India the most common scenario is of a young man injured in a motorcycle accident. Exact incidence figures are not available but of the injuries presenting to us about 90% involve the above combination. Potentially this can lead to unemployment, economic hardship, depression and in rare instances even suicidal urges. The typical patient is a young male who has had an accident while riding a two wheeler where he has been thrown off the vehicle and suffered traction between neck and shoulder, damaging his plexus to varying degrees. It is therefore vital that this very valuable segment of our population is functionally restored as early as possible to the best of our ability. With modern techniques in hand and microsurgery, this is very much feasible provided the patient is treated in time. There are techniques available for late referrals too, but early commencement of treatment makes a huge difference to the eventual outcome.

Replantation is the surgical reattachment of a finger, hand or arm that has been completely cut from a person’s body.   The goal of this surgery is to give the patient back as much use of the injured area as possible. This procedure is recommended if the replanted part is expected to function without pain.   Causes: Sharp cut injury. Crush injury

Cleft lip and palate are types of craniofacial birth defects that affect thousands of children worldwide each year. These conditions are sensitive topics of conversations, often affected by the stigma of physical birth deformities and cultural myths.

Oral cancer is the 6th most common type of human cancer with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 50%, and its formation occurs in multiple steps. In the majority of cases, a well-established, preventable risk factor is involved. Several potentially malignant disorders precede oral cancer, each of them showing a well-defined clinical presentation Oral cancer can form in any part of the mouth. Most oral cancers begin in the flat cells that cover the surfaces of your mouth, tongue, and lips.

Wound can occur under a variety of clinical conditions. It should be considered in postsurgical, post-traumatic wounds as well as from insect or animal bites. Differentiation from superficial infection is mandatory to assure appropriate surgical therapy is performed. Very small wound without exposed bone, tendon, nerve may heal spontaneously but may take a long time which may be painful to the patient and not cost-effective. Plastic surgery techniques like skin grafting and flap surgery are useful for these all types of wound. In some orthopaedic procedure implant exposed after surgery in these cases also plastic surgery technique very useful. Treatment Wound cover with skin grafting and flap surgery (local flap, regional flap or free flap surgery).

Burns is an injury to the skin or other organic tissue primarily caused by exposure to heat or other causative agents (radiation, electricity, chemicals). According to WHO, it is a global public health problem, accounting for an estimated 180,000 deaths annually. Burns does not only affect the skin, it can have other effects on the tissue, organ and system networks such as smoke inhalation, as well as a psychological effect. It affects all gender although females have slightly higher rates of death from burn compared to males. It also affects all age groups and it is the fifth most common cause of non-fatal childhood injuries. Burn may be electric burn, thermal /flame burn, scald burn, radiation burn, chemical burn. Timely consultation with plastic surgeon should provide functional and cosmetic result. Complication Lack of proper burn care and rehabilitation may lead to burn contracture and burn deformity.

Congenital anomalies are hand or finger deformities that are present at birth. Any type of deformity in a newborn can become a challenge for the child as they grow. Hand deformities can be particularly disabling as the child learns to interact with the environment through the use of his or her hands. The degree of deformity varies from a minor deformity, such as unequal or uneven fingers or thumb deformity, to a severe deformity, such as total absence of a bone. Symptoms Depending on the type and extent of a hand malformation, some babies may have little trouble adapting and functioning well. Others, however may face various challenges as they grow and learn: Developmental problems such as delayed or deficient motor skills. Difficulties with activities of daily living activities and basic self-care skills Limitations on certain types of exercises and sports Potential emotional and social harm from childhood teasing about appearance Treatment Procedure: Early consultation with a plastic surgeon is an important part of the treatment process for the child born with a hand deformity. Even if reconstructive surgery is not possible, there are many different types of prosthetic devices that can be used to increase function. If child is functioning well and is happy, treatment is not always necessary. If a child is having difficulty doing the things he or she wants to do because of a hand malformation, treatment options may be available. Different types of congenital hand deformities- Syndactyly Polydactyly Macrodactyly Radial club hand Constriction ring syndrome. Treatment Options: The most important goal of any treatment for hand malformations is to help a child function as independently as possible. Your pediatrician will often provide referrals to plastic surgeons. Treatment may involve: Orthotics (splints or braces) Prosthetics (artificial limbs) Physical therapy Surgery

Abnormal development or deformities of the ear anatomy can cause a range of complications, from cosmetic issues to hearing and development problems. An estimated 6 to 45 percent of children are born with some sort of congenital ear deformity. Types of ear deformities Constricted ears Protruding ears Microtia Stahl's ear Ear tags Ear keloids Causes: The causes of ear deformities are varied. Most ear deformities are congenital, meaning they are present from birth. In rare cases, children develop ear deformities from trauma or disease. Treatments: Traditional treatment for ear deformities has been to wait until a child is 5 years old to perform surgical correction. However, we have learned that many of these deformities, if treated early, can be corrected non-surgically with ear molding. Unfortunately, we do not know which ear deformities will correct by themselves and which will require surgical treatment later in life. For this reason, it’s important to discuss early with PLASTIC SURGEON for nonsurgical ear molding. Ear reconstruction (otoplasty) is a term used for surgical correction of ear deformities. Nose Deformity Overview A nasal deformity is an abnormality in the structure and appearance of the nose resulting in difficulty in breathing , impaired sense of smell and cosmetic concern. Although not so common, septoplasty carries the risk of inducing nasal deformity such as saddle nose and deviated nose. Surgical correction for those deformities is a formidable task to deal with, because the septal cartilage framework was already weakened due to previous procedure. Type of nasal deformity Saddle nose. Wide alar base Prominant nose Traumaric nose defect