Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)

Rheumatic heart disease is the sequela of recurrent rheumatic fever in childhood. Rheumatic fever is caused by the recurrent sore throat in childhood and is usually associated with overcrowding and low socioeconomic strata. RHD causes thickening, scarring, and deformity of valve leaflets and their associated structures. This leads to either leaking or obstruction of the heart valve alone or in combination. RHD commonly affects mitral and aortic valves. Rheumatic fever can be prevented by monthly injections of long-acting penicillin. The main symptoms of RHD are shortness of breath, fatigue, and palpitations. RHD affected heart valve can be treated percutaneously or by surgical intervention.
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