Chancroid

Also known as soft chancre.
Acute, autoinoculable, STI caused by Hemophilus ducreyi.
Males affected more commonly.

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Symptoms

Incubation period: 3-7 days
Sites: Frenulum, prepuce, coronal sulcus in male and vulva, vestibule in females.
Painful genital ulcers
Non-indurated,
Bleed on touch
Yellow ragged edges
Edema of prepuce
Tender sometimes suppurative inguinal lymphadenopathy (unilateral in majority).

Complications

Secondary infection, ulceration

Causes

Hemophilus ducreyi (Pleomorphic gram negative facultative, anaerobic bacillus.)

Prevention

Maintain sexual hygiene
Use of protection

Risk Factors

10% of patients are co-infected with either HSV or T. pallidum.
Males >> females.
Occurs in sustained, urban outbreaks.
Associated with female commercial sex workers and “sex-for-drugs” trade.

How is it diagnosed?

Microscopy
Gram stain , Fluorescent labelled monoclonal antibody detection
“School of fish” or “rail road track” appearance (gram stain).
Serology : ELISA, Immuno dot technique
Molecular techniques - PCR
Histopathology
Growth is best in Mueller Hinton agar supplemented with chocolate horse blood.

How is it treated?

Azithromycin 1 gm orally single dose
Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM in a single dose
Ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice daily x 3 days

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